mouth ulcers

Mouth ulcers are one of the most common lesions in the oral cavity. While often harmless and self-resolving within a few days, they can be uncomfortable and unsightly. However, if a mouth ulcer does not heal after a couple of weeks, recurs frequently, or new symptoms appear, a comprehensive evaluation by a dentist or healthcare provider is necessary.

Common causes of mouth ulcers include injuries, such as biting the cheek or irritation from orthodontic wires, certain medications, chemical sensitivities, diseases, or side effects of treatments like chemotherapy. Stress, anxiety, and hormonal changes can also trigger mouth ulcers, including canker sores (aphthous ulcers).

Underlying Health Conditions Associated with Mouth Ulcers:

• Nutritional deficiencies (e.g., vitamin B12, zinc, folic acid, or iron)
• Gastrointestinal diseases like Crohn’s disease or celiac disease
• Impaired immune systems due to diseases like HIV or lupus
• Reactive arthritis
• Viral infections such as cold sores, chickenpox, or hand, foot, and mouth disease in children

Occasionally, a persistent mouth sore may indicate oral cancer. If suspicious lesions are present, a biopsy or tissue sample may be recommended. Early detection and treatment are key to ensuring the best outcomes.

Managing Mouth Ulcers:

• Treat any underlying causes, if identified.
• Reduce or eliminate sources of irritation.
• Avoid hot and spicy foods.
• Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated.
• Use rinses or medications as recommended by a dentist or physician.
• Brush and floss gently to keep the mouth clean while avoiding discomfort.

Mouth ulcers involve the loss or erosion of delicate oral tissue, which can make eating, drinking, and speaking uncomfortable. Proper care and symptom management can reduce complications and promote healing.